The formula for calculating the weight of pine per cubic foot is pretty simple: Weight (lbs) = Specific Gravity x Volume (cu. So for every 2,000 lbs (ton) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay. For cows to digest the starch in corn efficiently, the corn kernels in chopped and processed whole-plant corn must be broken into small particles. Some dryland corn producers this year turned to silage production to get the most value from their low-yield crop. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: Making Sure Your Kernel Processor Is Doing Its Job, 2023 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Mono-Slope Beef Barn Air Quality Research Project. Some people even use squares, both small and large, as baleage. Iowa State University Ready to bale fields of hay sitting soaking wet for weeks (last year, and the year before) was a normal sight in our area. Any leftover bale is taken back out of the field. Haylage has a higher feed value than dry hay. To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. Haylage is a fermented forage that is fed to animals like hay. Small square bales have been around the longest, over 100 years. Averaged over all species and cuttings, the density of forage in a wagon was 5.0 pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft). Feed costs account for 60% of a beef cow . Tons of dry matter = Pi x diameter x diameter x depth of (all in feet) x density / 2,000, for corn silage or haylage If the earlage is harvested while the corn is too wet, dry-matter yields will be reduced and seepage losses will be higher. Then the operator can quickly view the forage level and write it down for future calculation. We called a local guy who advertised online that he did custom baling and wrapping, be sure to call before you need it! Tons of dry matter = 0.000393 x diameter x diameter x average depth of silage (all in feet) x (5.90 + (0.1 x depth)) for haylage Haylage is baled at 40-60% moisture, it is essentially a wet bale of wilted forage. We (my husband and I) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio. Why move them so far, anyway? The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". link to Why Do Farmers Have Lambs In The Winter. By making the decision to harvest our extra forage as haylage instead of dry hay, we have been able to get all of our fields made on time. Grass forages were less dense and averaged 4.6 lbs DM/ft. 0000024189 00000 n We (my husband and I) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio. 0000006056 00000 n Care should be used when interpreting the results of a shrink calculation. The same bale made with grasses would weigh 850 lbs. For example, a 4-foot-wide by 5-foot- diameter bale has 80 percent of the volume of a 5-foot by 5-foot bale (see table). Density = 5 to 7 pounds per cubic foot for straw Bale density is measured in pounds per cubic foot. dwiersma@facstaff.wisc.edu. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Density = 6 to 8 pounds per cubic foot for hay Density = 4 to 5 pounds per cubic foot for straw 6. Round bales, also called rolls of hay, started showing up in fields about 40 years ago. Haylage will also need that loader or skid steer later when you want to move the bale. Two string bales were the most common hay bales for many years. Legume bales are normally about 15% heavier than grasses for the same size bale, all other factors being equal. Large Round Bales Pounds = 3.1416 x ( diameter / 12) x ( diameter / 12) x (width / 12) (all in inches) x density Density = 10 to 12 pounds per cubic foot for hay Density = 5 to 7 pounds per cubic foot for straw The density of this type of concrete in kilograms per cubic meter is 2,300, so the calculation goes as follows: weight of concrete = 15 m 2,300 kg/m = 34,500 kg. Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. For the eastern half of the U.S., harvesting high quality hay is a challenge. Three decades ago it was thought that effective starch utilization occurred if the corn kernel was merely nicked or broken. Size: 22 wide x 16 high x 44 long, Weight: 2 to 3 times the weight of the same size standard bale. Wood Species Weight by Cubic Foot Calculations Average Dry Weight Kg Per Cubic Meter of Wood Species The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. This variation, coupled with operator experience, lends further variability into the bale density and weight discussion. For a broken concrete, the weight of 8 cubic feet will be 875 = 600 pounds. That will seem very wet if you are used to dry hay. First, if youre purchasing bales out of field, they are likely going to be at a higher moisture level and weight than they will be after being cured in storage. Bales of this type are often available in small quantities at local farm stores and building supply stores. It can be in a bunk silo, a bag or bale form. This is start of fermentation, which will preserve the forage in a way similat to sauerkraut. Pi - Constant with an approximate value of 3.1416 For us, its a big help. Estimating the Weight of Forage in a Forage Wagon. Waiting to wrap is the potential Achilles heel of haylage. 1 Capacity based on 16 lbs. An EEO/AA employer, University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title VI, Title IX, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act requirements. This is a big advantage for shipping and storage. 0000004973 00000 n We will also look at the factors that affect hay bale weight, such as density, moisture content and hay species. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. As long as it is fermented hay, it is hayage. 0000001610 00000 n We have tried to provide you with the most accurate information for the domestic and exotic wood species listed above, but we use averages so there may be errors. The hay was baled in a round baler, some farms use a big square baler, and left in the field. Some farms make haylage like silage-chop it up and put it in a silo. Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. Weight down the plastic cover to provide a tight seal so that all air is excluded. Small Square Hay Bales - 3 Types: 2 String, 3 Wire and High Density. Each square foot, or five cents worth of plastic cover, may save a cubic foot of silage, or about 30 cents worth; thus you save about 25 cents worth of feed per square foot of surface area. Density = 10 to 12 pounds per cubic foot for corn stover In addition, this example will assume an average forage density of 5.0 lbs DM/ft and a forage dry matter of 40%. link to How Do You Know If A Sheep Is Sick? 0000043684 00000 n They are often preferred when the bale is going to be shipped long distances, since their density lowers shipping costs and makes it easier to build a secure load. Although heavier than two string bales, they can be handled by one or two people without special equipment. Since we were running really late on time ours were tube wrapped, just because it is faster than wrapping individually. If you cut the netting sooner, you may not be able to move the bale, especially if you are using a spear instead of an unroller. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Both have advantages and ideal use situations. This is called custom work and needs to be planned ahead of time. Density = 7.5 + (0.4 x depth of silage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for corn silage (density increases with the depth of the silage) It often ranges from 9 to 12 pounds per cubic foot. We use a mower conditioner, commonly called a haybine, that cuts the grass then smashes the stems in a set of rollers so the forage will dry faster. 0000005611 00000 n The pounds of silage in the silo is calculated by multiplying: Length (ft) x width (ft) x depth (ft) x density (lb/cu-ft) at the final moisture content. It takes much longer per bale to individually wrap and uses quite a bit more plastic per bale. If you live in a dry area, then this is not a big deal. Haylage Mistakes and how you can avoid them gives the most common mistakes farmers make when making or handling haylage and what to do to prevent or fix those problems. Bushels = 0.314 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) for ear corn, Bushels = width x length x average depth of grain (all in feet) x density (same values as previous), Bushels = Pi x diameter x diameter x depth of grain (all in feet) x density x (1 - % moisture) / .845, for number 2 shelled corn or ground ear corn Here well focus only on the baled haylage. In our pre haylage days, getting dry hay made well was tough and, sadly, resulted in our share of rained on hay. A newer baler should be able to work for you without worry. Bushels = 0.628 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) for shelled corn or soybeans Diameter - distance across a round structure So why do you see some sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy! Haylage is normally stored outside in rows or stacks, no barn is needed. We roll it out on the fields to the sheep with a bale unroller. Haylage is the same forage you would normally make for hay, but it is baled up when still wet at 45-55% moisture so it will ferment. Researchers at the Marshfield Agricultural Research Station conducted a study to estimate the weight of loaded forage boxes. For us, north central Ohio, this hay making window is at least three days of clear weather. 0000010957 00000 n All rights reserved. Please note: it may seem like a good idea to store the wrapped bales in the pasture. In this study, the average density was measured as 5.0 lbs DM/ft. We teach, learn, lead and serve, connecting people with the University of Wisconsin, and engaging with them in transforming lives and communities. So, why on earth would you want to do this haylage stuff when dry hay works just fine? It does not store any personal data. x Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. Long distance transport of round bales presents some special problems. With todays high-producing animals, we know kernels must be processed into smaller particles for dairy, Shrink is a Deceptive Term Hay bales can weigh from 40 lbs to 2,000 lbs (18 kg to 907 kg). Square hay bales come in two size groups, small and large. 0000042791 00000 n . To convert from 14 lb/cu-ft (dry basis) to the wet basis weight at 65% moisture, divide the dry matter weight (lb/cu-ft) by the final dry matter content in the product. 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